Titre
Atelectasis is a major cause of hypoxemia and shunt after cardiopulmonary bypass: an experimental study
Type
article
Institution
UNIL/CHUV/Unisanté + institutions partenaires
Périodique
Auteur(s)
Magnusson, L.
Auteure/Auteur
Zemgulis, V.
Auteure/Auteur
Wicky, S.
Auteure/Auteur
Tyden, H.
Auteure/Auteur
Thelin, S.
Auteure/Auteur
Hedenstierna, G.
Auteure/Auteur
Liens vers les personnes
Liens vers les unités
ISSN
0003-3022
Statut éditorial
Publié
Date de publication
1997-11
Volume
87
Numéro
5
Première page
1153
Dernière page/numéro d’article
63
Notes
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't --- Old month value: Nov
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't --- Old month value: Nov
Résumé
BACKGROUND: Respiratory failure after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) remains a major complication after cardiac surgery. The authors tested the hypothesis that atelectasis is an important factor responsible for the increase in intrapulmonary shunt after CPB. METHODS: Six pigs received standard CPB (bypass group). Six other pigs had the same surgery but without CPB (sternotomy group). Another six pigs were anesthetized for the same duration but without any surgery (control group). The ventilation-perfusion distribution was measured with the inert gases technique, extravascular lung water was quantified by the double-indicator distribution technique, and atelectasis was analyzed by computed tomography. RESULTS: Intrapulmonary shunt increased markedly after bypass but was unchanged over time in the control group (17.9 +/- 6.2% vs. 3.5 +/- 1.2%; P < 0.0001). Shunt also increased in the sternotomy group (10 +/- 2.6%; P < 0.01 compared with baseline) but was significantly lower than in the bypass group (P < 0.01). Extravascular lung water was not significantly altered in any group. The pigs in the bypass group showed extensive atelectasis (32.3 +/- 28.7%), which was significantly larger than in the two other groups. The pigs in the sternotomy group showed less atelectasis (4.1 +/- 1.9%) but still more (P < 0.05) than the controls (1.1 +/- 1.6%). There was good correlation between shunt and atelectasis when all data were pooled (R2 = 0.67; P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Atelectasis is produced to a much larger extent after CPB than after anesthesia alone or with sternotomy and it explains most of the marked post-CPB increase in shunt and hypoxemia. Surgery per se contributes to a lesser extent to postoperative atelectasis and gas exchange impairment.
Sujets
PID Serval
serval:BIB_7E2225EECE98
PMID
Date de création
2008-01-28T09:52:01.375Z
Date de création dans IRIS
2025-05-20T21:04:18Z