Titre
Imagerie fonctionnelle cérébrale: rôle du couplage métabolique entre astrocytes et neurones [Functional brain imaging: role metabolic coupling between astrocytes and neurons]
Type
synthèse (review)
Institution
UNIL/CHUV/Unisanté + institutions partenaires
Périodique
Revue Médicale de la Suisse romande
Auteur(s)
Magistretti, P.J.
Auteure/Auteur
Pellerin, L.
Auteure/Auteur
Liens vers les personnes
Liens vers les unités
ISSN
0035-3655
Statut éditorial
Publié
Date de publication
2000-09
Volume
120
Numéro
9
Première page
739
Dernière page/numéro d’article
742
Langue
français
Notes
Publication types: English Abstract ; Journal Article ; Review
Résumé
Despite the technological sophistication of brain imaging techniques, the precise mechanisms and cell types involved in coupling and in generating metabolic signals are still debated. Recent experimental data on the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie the fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)--based PET imaging point to a critical role of a particular brain cell type, the astrocytes, in coupling neuronal activity to glucose utilization. Indeed, astrocytes possess receptors and re-uptake sites for a variety of neurotransmitters, including glutamate, the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. In addition, astrocytic end-feet, which surround capillaries, are enriched in the specific glucose transporter GLUT-1. These features allow astrocytes to "sense" synaptic activity and to couple it with energy metabolism. In vivo and in vitro data support the following functional model: in response to glutamate released by active neurons, glucose is predominantly taken up by astrocytic end-feet; glucose is then metabolized to lactate which provides a preferred energy substrate for neurons. These data support the notion that astrocytes markedly contribute to the FDG-PET signal.
PID Serval
serval:BIB_BB086212B48E
PMID
Date de création
2008-01-24T12:17:16.543Z
Date de création dans IRIS
2025-05-21T02:21:14Z