Titre
Selection of endurance capabilities and the trade-off between pressure and volume in the evolution of the human heart.
Type
article
Institution
Externe
Auteur(s)
Shave, R.E.
Auteure/Auteur
Lieberman, D.E.
Auteure/Auteur
Drane, A.L.
Auteure/Auteur
Brown, M.G.
Auteure/Auteur
Batterham, A.M.
Auteure/Auteur
Worthington, S.
Auteure/Auteur
Atencia, R.
Auteure/Auteur
Feltrer, Y.
Auteure/Auteur
Neary, J.
Auteure/Auteur
Weiner, R.B.
Auteure/Auteur
Wasfy, M.M.
Auteure/Auteur
Baggish, A.L.
Auteure/Auteur
Liens vers les personnes
ISSN
1091-6490
Statut éditorial
Publié
Date de publication
2019-10-01
Volume
116
Numéro
40
Première page
19905
Dernière page/numéro d’article
19910
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Langue
anglais
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article
Publication Status: ppublish
Publication Status: ppublish
Résumé
Chimpanzees and gorillas, when not inactive, engage primarily in short bursts of resistance physical activity (RPA), such as climbing and fighting, that creates pressure stress on the cardiovascular system. In contrast, to initially hunt and gather and later to farm, it is thought that preindustrial human survival was dependent on lifelong moderate-intensity endurance physical activity (EPA), which creates a cardiovascular volume stress. Although derived musculoskeletal and thermoregulatory adaptations for EPA in humans have been documented, it is unknown if selection acted similarly on the heart. To test this hypothesis, we compared left ventricular (LV) structure and function across semiwild sanctuary chimpanzees, gorillas, and a sample of humans exposed to markedly different physical activity patterns. We show the human LV possesses derived features that help augment cardiac output (CO) thereby enabling EPA. However, the human LV also demonstrates phenotypic plasticity and, hence, variability, across a wide range of habitual physical activity. We show that the human LV's propensity to remodel differentially in response to chronic pressure or volume stimuli associated with intense RPA and EPA as well as physical inactivity represents an evolutionary trade-off with potential implications for contemporary cardiovascular health. Specifically, the human LV trades off pressure adaptations for volume capabilities and converges on a chimpanzee-like phenotype in response to physical inactivity or sustained pressure loading. Consequently, the derived LV and lifelong low blood pressure (BP) appear to be partly sustained by regular moderate-intensity EPA whose decline in postindustrial societies likely contributes to the modern epidemic of hypertensive heart disease.
Sujets
PID Serval
serval:BIB_FC163178BC11
PMID
Open Access
Oui
Date de création
2022-12-07T10:03:22.297Z
Date de création dans IRIS
2025-05-21T05:09:58Z